Meta-cognition, Decision Making and Working Memory as Mediators Between Coping with Stress Styles and Major Depressive Disorder
Ghazal Zandkarimi,
Seyedeh Monavar Yazdi,
Zohreh Khosravi
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 1, August 2016
Pages:
1-8
Received:
15 May 2016
Accepted:
27 May 2016
Published:
14 June 2016
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijpbs.20160101.11
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Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the mediator roles of meta-cognition, decision making and working memory between coping with stress styles and major depressive disorder (MDD). The sample size was 250 participants that filled in five scales to assess MDD, coping with stress styles and executive functions. The model representing the mediation role of meta-cognition, decision making and working memory between coping with stress styles and MDD is fit. The effect of problem focused coping (PFC) on meta-cognition as well as the effect of emotion focused coping (EFC) on working memory was strongly significant. Decision making was an executive function that independently influenced on MDD. Our overall results represented that the main executive functions that strongly influenced the correlation between coping with stress styles and MDD were meta-cognition, working memory and decision making respectively.
Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the mediator roles of meta-cognition, decision making and working memory between coping with stress styles and major depressive disorder (MDD). The sample size was 250 participants that filled in five scales to assess MDD, coping with stress styles and executive functions. The model representing the mediation role of...
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The Personality of Juvenile Offenders: Psychodynamic Aspects in Children’s Apperception Test – Human Figures
Leila Salomão de la Plata Cury Tardivo,
Maria Cecília de Vilhena Moraes
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 1, August 2016
Pages:
9-12
Received:
26 May 2016
Accepted:
12 June 2016
Published:
23 June 2016
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijpbs.20160101.12
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Abstract: Adolescence and preadolescence can be understood by identifying impulses and defense mechanisms, as well as identification processes involved in the construction of identity. Many issues faced by youngsters derive from a devaluation of identification images: those assigned by the adolescent himself, and those offered by the family and the society. This study presents an interpretation schedule that allows the assessment of such features by means of a quantitative assessment of stories told to projective stimuli. This schedule is based on the original short form proposed by Leopold Bellak for the interpretation of thematic projective techniques, and has proven useful for comparative studies involving different clinical and control groups. A sample of two stories illustrates its use. The compatibility of such schedule with psychodynamic approaches is shown by means of a comparison of data obtained with the CAT H of 30 preadolescents, ages 10 to 12, with a history of law violation, and 70 children of a control group, with no such history or any reported psychological issues. The control group showed higher frequency of identifications with positive features, which indicates positive self-image, and higher frequency of environment seen in a positive way. The offenders’ group showed an inability to identify with positive characters – usually the identification character misbehaves, is weak or impotent; the environment is often seen as threatening, thus, negative. These findings suggest negative self-image and issues in object relations of the offenders’ group. The results are compatible with literature data and the theoretical approaches that support this study. These findings highlight the relevance of a reliable environment to support these children.
Abstract: Adolescence and preadolescence can be understood by identifying impulses and defense mechanisms, as well as identification processes involved in the construction of identity. Many issues faced by youngsters derive from a devaluation of identification images: those assigned by the adolescent himself, and those offered by the family and the society. ...
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Evidence Based Practice: Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Major Depression
Moawia Eid,
Yousef Qan'ir
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 1, August 2016
Pages:
13-20
Received:
11 June 2016
Accepted:
21 June 2016
Published:
4 July 2016
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijpbs.20160101.13
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Abstract: Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is defined as induction of an electrical current within the brain using fluctuating magnetic fields that are generated outside the brain close to scalp. In General, health care providers are interested in providing best health interventions to achieve effective outcomes and reduce unexpected results. This article formulated clinical questions about efficacy of TMS among patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). The clinical question structure (PICOT) facilitates comparing TMS with other alternative interventions such as antidepressants or ECT. According available literature, among MDD patients the TMS is more effective compared to no treatments model. In addition to that, the evidences analysis showed that TMS is more effective than traditional antidepressants among MDD patients during in patient's periods. The literature also indicated that among MDD patients TMS is more effective than Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) especially for maintenance therapy during inpatient time.
Abstract: Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is defined as induction of an electrical current within the brain using fluctuating magnetic fields that are generated outside the brain close to scalp. In General, health care providers are interested in providing best health interventions to achieve effective outcomes and reduce unexpected results. This art...
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